In countries where public providers play a major role, the ministry of health should contemplate strategies for empowering them through incentives (e.g., autonomy, accountability, market exposure, financial responsibility).

In countries where private providers play a significant role the ministry of health should consider strategies such as contractual relationships, regulation and quality improvement.

Traditional medicine should be incorporated as a resource for primary care whenever possible and appropriate.

Mutual aid is founded on the principle that people with the same disability have something to offer each other which cannot be provided by professionals.  This is an important area that requires empowerment.

The ministry of health might consider the following options for incorporating NGOs into the implementation of policy: funding mechanisms, joint research and contracts for the provision of interventions.

Consumers and families can be empowered through collaboration with health teams, becoming providers of community services, advocates, etc.