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Infections of domestic cats and zoo felidae and zoo ruminants all are caused by BSE-contaminated offal or pelletted food. BSE has not been reported in dogs.

Concern that BSE may cause disease in man after the ingestion of bovine offal has been present since the discovery of BSE in cattle.

However the number of cows likely to enter the human food chain within one year of developing clinical BSE, ie when they might have BSE in the neurones, has dropped from 200,000 in 1989 to 5-6 in 1997 to 1-2 in 1999 to none in 2000 (Vet Rec, 1998, 143, Dec5th, pp622-623).