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The first thing to be done is to identify the virus in hand, and this is often provided by mosquito surveillance. If this is not done and there’s no sentinel system, dead horses will likely be seen playing the sentinel role. But which of several viruses killed them ? Could several viruses be present? Can the number of potential hosts be much reduced by the proper vaccine campaign ? Does Virus X favor a certain spectrum of hosts including birds? Are cases clustered or scattered? What is the direction of the epidemic? What are the winds like? How much water is available to mosquitoes? What month is it and so on?

If the equine is left as the sentinel, in a sense, financing surveillance is solved, although without too much elegance.