There are so many ways that health promotion programs are started or implemented. The most successful ones are mainly those based on theoretical frameworks. There is enough material in health promotion that shows evidence that suggest the use of theories will enhance the chances of success in achieving pre-determined program objectives Most health promotion strategies use more than one single theory in the development of an intervention plan (Nutbeam and Harris, 1998).

Reference:

Nutbeam, D. & Harris, E. (1998). Theory in a Nutshell: a practitioner's guide to commonly used theories and models in health promotion. Sydney : University of Sydney, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, National Centre fot Health Promotion