Canker is a chronic hypertrophic moist infectious disease of the stratum germinativum. The infection causes the production of rapidly growing, friable, filamentous fronds of horn. Canker usually starts in the central frog but if left untreated, it can spread to involve the sole and wall. Canker is blamed on poor hoof care.

Hoof Wall Separations/ Seedy Toe is a term used to describes hoof wall separation that occurs as a sequel to laminitis.