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The disease in rabbits was notifiable in the UK until autumn 1996. The disease was originally reported in China in 1984, spread through Europe & in 1992 was reported in housed UK rabbits with fatal consequences. Current thinking is that the rabbit virus (presumably a less pathogenic variant of the virus which has been causing VHD recently) is present in the wild rabbit population in the UK (from serological surveys of stored rabbit sera) and affords some protection to the virulent virus.

Analysis of hare sera for virus antibodies suggests that the virus has been present in the UK hare population since 1971.