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- Small (35nm in diameter), non-enveloped spherical virion. Family name derived from the 32 cup-shaped (calix = cup) surface depressions which give a distinctive morphology in the electron microscope. Composed of one major structural protein (unusual).

- (+) sense, single-stranded (ss) RNA. Once classified with Picornaviruses but replication strategy differs as several sub-genomic mRNAs produced rather than one.

- Reasonably resistant allowing survival in the environment.