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By definition, biological warfare is the use of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) or toxins (poisons produced by living organisms) to produce death or disease in humans, animals, and plants. Few healthcare providers have been trained to recognize or treat victims of a biological agent attack. Nonetheless, the principles of detection, personal protection, infection control, and treatment parallels the standard approach to any natural disease outbreak (such as influenza, Rift Valley Fever, meningitis, and hepatitis).