In 1990 cholera was reintroduced into South America, and it reached metropolitan Santiago in early 1991. The Metropolitan Health Service of Santiago instituted 3 measures for cholera control.

1)Enforced a previously legislated ban on the practice of applying sewage contaminated water to agricultural fields for irrigation of fruit and vegetables that are grown at ground level and can be eaten raw.

2)Banned resturants and other public providers of food from selling raw fish, seafood, fruit, or vegetables considered at risk

3)Education campaign focusing on the mechanism of transmission of enteric infections.