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We developed a risk algorithm, which considered a child’s age, their family history of T1D, their HLA-DQ genotype and the similarity of their genotype to the T1D child’s genotype using data from a family study we conducted several years ago.  This study was based on families with a least 1 T1D child.  However, the T1D individuals were ~42 years of age when the families were studied.  Therefore, any sibling who was going to develop T1D had likely already had done so – since the peak age of T1D onset is at puberty.  Therefore, our T1D risk estimates were as accurate as possible.