GUIDE TO THUMBNAIL IMAGES ON THE WEBSITE FOR 0040 (in the order in
which they are studied in the course).
OUR BUILDING:
--Charles Z. Klauder: proposed Frick Fine Arts Building in Baroque
style, ca. 1932 [321].
--B. Kenneth Johnstone: Frick Fine Arts Building, first floor plan,
1963 [181]; second floor plan [180]; [190 aerial view; 191 interior of
cloister; 192 and 193: aerial views in context of Schenley Plaza and
Schenley Park]
EGYPT:
--Nile Valley [001 Nile delta and Mediterranean]
--Saqqarah, near Cairo, Egypt: Step Pyramid of King Zoser, attributed
to Imhotep, c. 2750 BC; [002 view with partial perimeter wall; 003
section] and temple complex [333 reconstructed view; 330 perimeter
wall detail; 005 contemporary sarcophagus form; 006 interior with
engaged columns; 007 fake door with faience tiles; 008 engaged columns
--Pyramids of Cheops, Chefren and Mycerinus, Giza (nr. Cairo), c.
2570--2500 BC [332 reconstruction; 009 view today; 011 detail of
partial original casing]
--Temple/Tomb of Queen Hatshepsut at Deir-el-Bahari, Egypt, attributed
to Senmut, c. 1520 B.C. [195 plan; 196 reconstructed view; 012 and
197, views today; 013 colonnade]
--trabeated system: 006 interior of Saqqarah temple complex; 013 Deir-
el Bahari colonnade
GREEK ARCHITECTURE:
--021: votive plaques representing private houses.
--Knossos, Crete: palace of legendary King Minos, c. 3000-1450 B.C.,
in its last phase ca. 1600-1450 B.C. [016, 030 plans; 014 view today;
331 reconstructed view]
--Tiryns, Greece: citadel with megaron, c. 1500--1300 BC [329
reconstructed view of citadel; 028 reconstructed Megaron plan; 029
reconstructed Megaron exterior]
--Paestum, Italy: temples (= basilicas) of Hera I, c. 530 BC [022],
and Hera Argiva II (or Poseidon), c. 460 BC [024]
--Athens: The Acropolis [019 view; 020 aerial view; 015 plan of main
structures], with the Parthenon, by Callicarates, reworked by Ictinus,
442-437 B.C. [026 plan; 032 restricted view from Propylaea; 023
unrestricted view; 025 diagram of optical refinement; 027 curvature of
stylobate]
--Miletus city plan, Turkey, attributed to Hippodamus of Miletus, c.
480 B.C. [018 buildings in the Agora]; fig. 128.
--Private house plans from Olynthus, ca. 430 B.C.[017].
--stylobate [027]
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
--arcuated system: 010 diagram of arch; 004 building an arch over
wooden formwork]
--Nyicmes, France: Pont du Gard, 1st c. BC [views: 198, 045]
--Temple of Jupiter (called the Maison Carree), Nyicmes, France: 1st
c.
BC [199 view; 046 side elevation]
--Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina (ancient Praeneste),
near Rome): c. 80 BC [061 reconstructed view; 052 reconstructed
section]
Pompeii:
--Vettii house, ca. 70 A.D. [212 plan; 211 view of peristyle today;
071, 072 room decorations]; see fig. 207 as comparable work.
--Colosseum (=Flavian amphitheater), Rome: c. 72-80 AD [043 view
today; 035 cutaway diagram]
--Tivoli, nr. Rome: round temple of the Sibyl (so-called) [044] 1st c.
BC
--Forum of Trajan, including Basilica Ulpia (following entry), Rome,
c. 111-117, attributed to Apollodorus of Damascus [210 plan as
originally conceived and built; 034 reconstructed model, with Basilica
Ulpia the cross-axial building in centerground; 033 view of groin
vaults in market today]
--Basilica Ulpia [039 plan; 040 reconstructed interior view]
--Pantheon, Rome, c. 118 AD [062 plan; 031 reconstruction with
forecourt; 204 reconstructed elevation; 205 reconstructed section; 036
section today; 203 aerial view today; 202 full view in eighteenth
century; 201 interior today; 200 interior of dome]
--Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, Rome, 307-312 AD [037
reconstructed plan; 334 reconstructed cutaway view; 041 reconstructed
interior view; 206 and 038 exterior/interior views today]
EARLY CHRISTIAN ARCHITECTURE
--Jerusalem, Israel: King Herod's temple (successor to King Solomon's
temple) [074 reconstruction before destruction in 70 AD; 152 same site
with the Dome of the Rock (also 073) on same terrace; Jews continue to
pray at the Western Wall of the temple terrace (upper right) today].
--Synagogue, Dura Europos, Syria, about 230 AD [075 plan; 213 west
wall with Torah (Bible) niche and frescoes, today in National Museum,
Damascus].
--Christian house-church, Dura Europos, Syria, 230 AD [059 cutaway
reconstruction; 049 the baptistery]
--[Old] St. Peter's basilica, Rome, c. 324 (319?)-335 [047 exterior
reconstruction; 222 reconstructed cutaway of basilica and atrium; 048
interior reconstruction; 051, 221 reconstructed plans; 224
recostructed interior view, painted while some of St. Peter's was
still standing]
--Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, Israel, ca. 335 [056
reconstructed plan in fourth century; 219 reconstructed interior
perspective of the basilica; 220 reconstructed plan of basilica and
Anastasis rotunda in fourth century; 218 exterior today, much
rebuilt];
--S. Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna, Italy, 534-549 [050 plan; 226
view; 225 nave; 223 apse interior]
BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE:
--Rome, Sta. Costanza, c. 350 [060 exterior view today; 058 interior
view]
--S. Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, 526-consecrated 547 [042 reconstructed
plan at ground level; 231 reconstructed plan at gallery level; 229
exterior today; 230 cutaway of original appearance; 228 interior];
fig. 256--258.
--Hagia Sofia (Santa Sophia), Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey, 532-
537, by Anthemius of Tralles and Isidore of Miletus [235 plan; 234
section; 057 plan and section; 054 exterior view to northwest today;
053 painting of interior as it was in 19th c.; 232 entering at ground
floor level: note thinness of screen wall; 055 interior view up to
dome]
EARLY MEDIEVAL, CAROLINGIAN, AND OTTONIAN ARCHITECTURE:
--Mausoleum of Theodoric, Ravenna, Italy, about 500-526 [250 plan and
elevation; 249 view today]
--Torhalle (gatehouse), Imperial Abbey at Lorsch, 768-774 or later
[260, 077 exterior views]
--Charlemagne's palace chapel, Aachen (=Aix-la-Chapelle), 792-805 [259
cutaway; 066 view today; 067 interior; 068 view into dome]
--Abbey church of St. Michael, Hildesheim, 1010 AD (Ottonian rather
than Romanesque in sprit) [261 exterior view today; 262 interior view
as rebuilt]
--San Miniato al Monte, Florence, Italy, c. 1050-1150, transitional
Ottonian-Romanesque [264 plan; 263 facade; 264 nave interior, with
view to raised presbytery above and crypt below]
--Ideal monastery plan for St. Gall, Switzerland, about 820 AD [078]
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE AND TRANSITION TO GOTHIC:
--St.-Philibert, Tournus, France, c. 1000 [253 plan at ground floor
level; 079 plan with crypt; 069 section; 252 exterior view; 251 view
in side aisle with partial view of nave]
--St.-Sernin, Toulouse, France, c. 1080-1120 [256 plan; 257 section;
063 aerial view; 253, 076 radiating chapels, exterior; 070 nave
interior, with galleries and ribbed barrel vault]
--[Third] Abbey Church of Cluny, France, c. 1088-1130 [064
reconstructed view; 151 remains of the abbey today]
--Durham, England: Durham Cathedral, c. 1093-1130 [267 interior, nave;
268 prototype "flying buttress" (actually quadrant arch in gallery)]
--barrel vault [070], gallery [070], radiating chapels [076]
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
--Abbey church of St.-Denis, outside Paris, east end, 1140-1144 [269
plan of Abbot Suger's new ambulatory and apse; 270 interior view of
new ambulatory]
--Amiens Cathedral, begun 1220, completed about 1275 [273 transverse
section through choir; 272 interior nave elevation; 275 aerial view;
274 facade view today]
--Ste.-Chapelle, Paris, 1243-48 [082 old miniature view of interior;
271 interior today]
--Chartres Cathedral, interior, begun 1194 [081 nave interior; 084
side aisle view; 116 detail clerestory, triforium, and springing of
rib vaults]
AFRICAN ARCHITECTURE:
--Traditional earthen roundhouses, Tamberma (Batammaliba) region of
Togo and Benin [184 view; 183 and 194 cutaway diagram and elevation,
with traditional names for house parts]
--Houses of the Geriyama tribe, Kenya, E. coast of Africa, 20th
century [323]
--Mud mosque, Kawara, Upper Volta (ex-Ivory Coast) [328]
--Decorated house facades, Zaria, Nigeria [326: painted facades; 327:
mud relief, including a bicycle]
--Mud wall and thatched roof house, Congo, Central Africa [325]
--Wood-ribbed house, Cameroon [324]
--Frank Toker in the Geriyama village of Chonyi [175]
EARLY RENAISSANCE
--Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446): Dome (cupola) for Cathedral of S.
Maria del Fiore, Florence, 1420-36 [146 exterior; 148 cutaway diagram]
--Brunelleschi (?: attributed to): Pazzi Chapel at S. Croce, Florence,
1429-61 [147 exterior; 140 interior]
--module [139].
-Brunelleschi: S. Spirito, Florence, designed 1434, begun 1444 to the
1470s [138 hypothetical reconstruction of original project; 139
hypothetical reconstruction of modular units in original plan; 149
side aisle]
--Leonbattista Alberti: S. Andrea, Mantua, 1472--18th century [141
plan; 145 extior; 144 interior; 143 detail side chapels]
THE HIGH RENAISSANCE:
--Leonardo da Vinci: Architectural sketchbooks from Milan, 1480s and
1490s [101 detail: represention of a church interior in anti-
perspectival rendering]
--Bramante: Tempietto of S. Pietro in Montorio, Rome, 1502++ [098
reconstructed plan and section as intended to be built]
--Donato Bramante and others: New St. Peter's, Rome, founded 1506
[093 fragment of proposed plan; 087 reconstruction of proposed plan;
094 and 092 views of construction underway]
--Bramante: Belvedere Palace, the Vatican, 1505 [111 exterior view]
--Raphael: School of Athens fresco in papal apartments, The Vatican,
1509 [091]
MICHELANGELO AND PALLADIO:
--Michelangelo Buonarotti (1475-1564): substitute plan for St.
Peter's, 1546, built through 1590 [085 plan, compare 083 Antonio
Sangallo proposed substitute plan; 111 exterior view, 099 and 100
interior views, as modified after Michelangelo]
--Michelangelo: Laurentian Library at S. Lorenzo, Florence, 1524ff
[086 exterior view, left; 104 plan and 102, 103, 105 interior views of
reception room; 107 library plan and section; 106 interior of reading
room]
--Michelangelo: New Sacristy at S. Lorenzo, Florence, 1524ff [108
detail of door surrounds]
--Michelangelo: piazza del Campidoglio, Rome, designed 1538; [090
original state before Michelangelo; 112 Michelangelo's plan; 114 view
today; 088 aerial view as rebuilt; 113 painted view as built]
--Palladio: Il Redentore church, Venice, 1577++ [280 plan; 096
exterior view; 097 cutaway diagram; 278 interior view].
--Palladio: twelve plans for palaces and villas [095].
--Palladio: Villa Capra (Villa Rotonda), nr. Vicenza, c. 1567 [277
plan; 276 view]
--Andrea Palladio: Basilica, Vicenza, 1546s [142 exterior view]
--Palladio: Olympic Theatre (Teatro Olimpico), Vicenza, begun about
1580 [110 plan; 109 interior view]
--Mannerist garden at Bomarzo, Italy: Cave-house in shape of a human
face, 16th c. [322]; Frank Toker at the monster statue at Bomarzo
[174])
--Venice, piazza S. Marco, 11th--16th c. [089]
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE:
--Replanned streets of Rome, mostly Domenico Fontana, 1580s [124]
--Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1680): St. Peter's Square (piazza S.
Pietro), Rome, begun 1656 [125 reconstruction of Bernini's project;
111 exterior view]
--Francesco Borromini (1599-1667): S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane,
1638-66 [119 lower facade; 120 interior view]
--Louis Le Vau, Charles Le Brun, and Claude Perrault, East facade of
the Louvre, ca. 1667; fig. 588.
--Versailles: Palace, garden facade, 1669-85 begun by Louis le Vau
(1612-70) [117 garden facade]; completed by Jules Hardouin-Mansart
(1646-1708); park, 1661-68 by Andre le Nyoctre [121 pre-Mansart core
of
Versailles, with new gardens]; Hall of Mirrors, c. 1680 by Hardouin-
Mansart and le Brun [118]; whole complex 1660s--18th c. [122 plan, 123
aerial view of chyacteau and gardens]
--Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723): St. Paul's Cathedral, London,
1675-1710. Greek cross plan, 1672; "Great Model" design 1673; Warrant
design 1675; redesigned 1675 as is [283 the "Great Model"; 282 final
plan as built; 281 aerial view]
ROCOCO
--Johann Baltasar Neumann: Residenz at Wyuurzburg, designed 1722;
center
block 1735; Kaisersaal and grand staircase painted by Giovanni
Battista Tiepolo 1750-53 [288 plan; 287 staircase; 286 Kaisersaal]
--Neumann, Vierzehnheiligen (country pilgrimage church in Bavaria),
Germany, designed 1738; redesigned by Neumann 1744, completed 1772
[283 reconstructed cutaway model, showing longitudinal section; 284
interior view]
NEOCLASSICM:
--Abbyea Laugier: Essai sur l'architecture (Essay on Architecture),
1753
[127 frontispiece for 1755 edition, showing the "natural" state of
architecture].
--Germain Soufflot: The Panthyeaon, Paris (ex-church of
Ste.-Genevieve),
1755-92 [300 plan; 299 exterior as modified; 298 interior view]
--The Earl of Burlington (Richard Boyle) and William Kent: Chiswick
House, near London, begun 1725 [128]
--J.-N-.L. Durand, "Lectures on Architecture," Paris, 1802 [154
modular basis for rational architecture]
--Karl Friedrich von Schinkel: Altes Museum (Old Museum), Berlin,
1824-30 [294 plan; 293 exterior today; 292 interior of the rotunda:
cf. with 200, the Pantheon dome; 291 interior corridor view]
--Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826): Monticello, Charlottesville, VA, 1770-
84 and 1796-1806; fig. 701
--Jefferson: University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 1814; 1817--
1826 [297 view of lawn leading to Pantheon-like library (cf. 031)]
--Horace Walpole: Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, England, nr. London,
1749--1777 [290 exterior; 289 view of long hall interior: the vaults
are plaster]
--Thomas Jefferson: Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, 1785-89 [295 as
photographed by Matthew Brady during the Civil War, showing its
distinct Acropolis effect: cf. 019]
--Etienne-Louis Boulyeae, Projected cenotaph for Newton, 1783 [296
interior with nighttime illumination]
--Claude-Nicolas Ledoux (1736-1806): industrial city for the Royal
Saltworks at Chaux (the Salines de Chaux), Arc-et-Senans, France,
1775-79 [126 Saltworks as built, and as standing today]
ROMANTICISM AND REACTION:
--Sir Charles Barry & A.W.N. Pugin: Houses of Parliament, London,
designed 1836, built 1840--1860s [153 plan; 304 aerial view]
--William Butterfield: All Saints', Margaret Street, London, 1850-59
[305 exterior; 306 interior]
--Charles Garnier: Opera, Paris, 1861-74 [303 section; 302 exterior;
301 interior of grand stairhall]
--H. H. Richardson: Allegheny County Courthouse and Jail, Pittsburgh,
1884-1888 [178 plan of third floor (as designated today); 171 view and
elevation; 186 view of west (main) facade; 172 north facade; 188 Toker
geometric analysis of facade].
--H.H. Richardson: Marshall Field Wholesale Store, Chicago, 1885;
destroyed ca. 1935 [179 plan; 189 exterior view]
--John Nash, Royal Pavilion, Brighton, England, 1815-18 [129]
CHALLENGE OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGIES:
--Isambard Kingdom Brunel: Clifton Suspension Bridge, Bristol,
England, designed 1829, completed 1864 [309]
--Sir Joseph Paxton: Crystal Palace, London, 1851 (moved and enlarged;
burned 1936) [308 exterior appearance when opened; 307 interior view
in 1851]
--Eugene-Emanuel Viollet-le-Duc: "Discourses on Architecture," 1858-72
[136 illustration of iron-based vaulting]
SULLIVAN, GAUDI, WRIGHT:
--Antonio Gaudi: Casa Mila, Barcelona, 1905-10 [130]
--Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler: Wainwright Building, St. Louis,
1890-91 [310]
--Sullivan: Carson, Pirie, Scott (=Schlesinger and Meyer) Department
Store, Chicago, 1899-1904 [311 exterior--as modified--today]
--Wright: Fallingwater, Bear Run, PA 1934-37 [131 cutaway diagram]
GROPIUS, LECORBUSIER, MIES:
--Walter Gropius and Hannes Meyer: Bauhaus, Dessau, Germany, 1925-26
[132 main teaching building]
--LeCorbusier, Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France, 1929 [176 plan]
--Mies: German Pavilion, Barcelona Exposition, 1929 [133 interior, as
rebuilt around 1980]
--Mies (with Philip Johnson): Seagram Building, New York City, 1957
[312]
MODERN ARCHITECTURE TODAY
--LeCorbusier: Chapel at Ronchamp, France, 1950-55 [134 plan; 135
view; 137 interior]
--Eero Saarinen, TWA Terminal, Kennedy International Airport, N.Y.C.,
1962 [187 detail of facade]
--Piano and Rogers, Centre Pompidou (also called Centre Beaubourg),
Paris, 1977 [313]
--Philip Johnson: AT&T Building, New York City, 1978-84 [314 model]
--Philip Johnson and John Burgee: PPG Place, Pittsburgh, PA 1979-84
[315].
--Charles Moore, Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, 1975-80 [316]
--Michael Graves, Portland Public Service Building, Portland, OR, 1977
[319]
--Peter Eisenman, Greater Columbus Convention Center, Columbus, Ohio,
1993 [318 interior view of lobby; 317 aerial view of rooftop]
--Frank O. Gehry: American Center, Paris, 1994 [320]