This is what’s called a pipelle: a long, very thin, tube-like instrument. On all of the women who entered the study, we did an endometrial biopsy using this pipelle. This procedure is done right in the office and does not require anesthesia. The pipelle goes up through the cervix, you rotate it around to collect a little bit of endometrium into the litumen, and you can use that to see whether there is inflammation in the endometrium. We know from previous studies that women who have laparoscopic evidence of PID, which is the opposite of gold standard but is very unlikely to be done in the United States, are very likely to have endometritis, the inflammation of the endometrial binding as picked up through a pipelle exam.