The same positive effect on equity was shown in the case of stroke mortality. States with high income inequality and relatively high primary care physician to population ratios had lower stroke mortality whereas those relatively deprived of primary care physicians had an increased stroke mortality. States with low income inequality also showed the same effect of high and low primary care resources: more primary care physicians associated with lower mortality and fewer primary care physicians associated with higher mortality.

Based on data in: Shi L, Starfield B. Primary care, income inequality, and self-rated health in the United States: a mixed-level analysis. Int J Health Serv 2000; 30(3):541-555.