Thus a strategy for socio-economic development is desirable and will be significant for changes in the magnitude of malaria in Myanmar. The less GDP per capita relating to the higher incidence of malaria in our study is also explained indirectly. Malaria is a disease of socioeconomic relevance. If health is a consumption commodity (Grossman, 1972), then family and national economy may be negatively affected by the occurrence of malaria. If health is an investment commodity (Grossman, 1972), then a lower GDP may contribute to diminishing resources-dependent malaria control activities. Put otherwise, malaria- poverty-malaria is recognizable as an economic vicious cycle (Murti, 1998), but which comes first could not be explained from our study. The causality is of course two-sided (McCarthy et al, 1999).