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The primary objective of cardioplegia is to provide the surgeons with optimal operating conditions. Acute or chronic ischemia may create conditions whereby cardioplegic induction is the first phase od myocardial reperfusion.

It may be followed by reperfusion injury.Accordingly, the fundamental principle of cardioprotection is to avoid unnecesseary ischemia, and, depending on existing situation, to improve the unbalanced myocardial metabolic state.