The California Alameda County studies have established, what has now become accepted as common knowledge, that individual health habits, or health lifestyles, and social connectivity influence longevity and quality of life, controlling for initial physical health status. Individual lifestyle preferences and personal habits, such as physical exercise, nutrition, smoking, and alcohol intake have been regularly estimated in community surveys, including several in Russia (Berkman and Breslow, 1983; Bobak et al., 1998b, 1998c; Palosuo et al., 1998; Carlson and Vågerö, 1998; Puska et al., 1993).In addition, the Alameda County longitudinal health studies established the importance of psychosocial factors such as social support and social networks for physical health and mortality with periodic follow-ups of a 1965 community cohort which are still ongoing (Kaplan, 2000; Berkman and Kawachi, 2000).