As mentioned earlier, the LTCI does not cover the entire population. The beneficiaries are limited to people aged 40 years or over, or roughly half the population. This reflects the purpose of the LTCI law, which clarifies that the law is intended for disability caused by aging.

Further the beneficiaries are divided into two categories: beneficiary I for elderly aged 65 or over and beneficiary II for people whose age is 40 to 64 years old.

The distinction between the two categories is the difference of premium collection as discussed below.