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If we start at the top of the pathway, we have found that the receptor is not distributed all over the cell but rather concentrated within cilia. This is an image taken w/ a spinning disc confocal to give a thin optical section w/o causing photobleacing.
Next I synthesized a version of the ligand modified by a fluorophore.
Binding is not static but causes a change in localization– measure patched fluorescence from pictures like thisŕ Ptc1 is dislocated from cilia. |