Goskomstat of the Russian Federation has produced several population projections for the city of Moscow (Figure 3) into the next millenium. The long range prognosis is not favorable, even with the slight decrease in mortality during 1995-1997. Goskomstat estimates that the population of the city of Moscow will fall to 7.577 million people by the year 2010. This is about one and a half million less inhabitants than in 1990, a depopulation due exclusively to the imbalance from the birth:death ratio, rather than in- and out-migration, which could seriously affect the productive and earning potential of Russia’s capital and wealthiest city.