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It is easy to understand that machinery
promoted literacy and schooling. In regard to the artisan who uses tools and
gets integrated into factory labor, a machine – man relationship supposes
first the identification and understanding, through written textbook
instructions, of all the functions and components of the engine. Industry
drives labor function specialization, which constitutes the second and
most important supposition, primarily on the type of labor about executing,
directing and creating jobs. This generated new social actors, from whom was
requested naturally, a period of schooling in order to get incorporated to
the job market. Previous to this time, the directing and conception of new
job implementation, were developed by subjects who received on the job
training, beginning as an apprentice, then becoming an officer, and only
later master in his type of job. It is in the knowledge and its
technical applications where is foreseen the fundamental instrument for its
material assent and concrete consolidation. Before the industrial
revolution, science was the exclusive heritage of court and retinue, nobles
and erudite. The need for synthetic products stimulated the search for
scientific solutions to replace natural chemicals, such as soaps, paints and
dyes, to substitute the natural products which were scare and costly . The
chemical industry was developed thanks to the needs of textile industry,
mechanized industrial development required mortise force, which demanded
steam, which in turn required coal and iron. Industrial expansion stimulated
the need for cheap and fast transport, and these guaranteed railroad and
shipping success. Industrial Revolution is an evolving process that
conducted society from a traditional agricultural economy towards a
situation characterized by a mechanized production process to make goods at
a major scale. Such a situation was developed at different times depending
on each country. For historians, the term” industrial revolution” is used
exclusively to refer to the changes that occurred in England by the end of
the XVIIIth century; to refer to its expansion to other countries historians
refer to it as “industrialization or industrial development.” |
