UKPDS provided interesting evidence about observational and interventional effects of blood pressure on risk. In this slide the data from the observational study in which the risk of myocardial infarction and of stroke is calculated for every 10 mm of mercury increase in systolic blood pressure. The risk of myocardial infarction increases by around 12% and of stroke by around 19% for each 10 mm of mercury increase. In the interventional study systolic blood pressure was reduced by 10 mm mercury and the benefits in term of myocardial infarction were insignificant with 21% of reduction. But the point estimate of benefit exceeded the confidence intervals that might have been expected from observational data. But, may be additional benefits of blood pressure lowering in patients with diabetes may be expected from observational data alone.

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