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The experiment has three phases: two training phases and a test phase. In the first training phase, there is only one predictive stimulus (CS), either a noise or a light (depending on which group Each occurrence of the CS terminates in a reinforcement (dot = shock in someversions of the experiment, food in other versions). In the second training phase, a second CS (either the light or the noise) is presented together with the first CS (“in compound”) The compound CSs also terminate in reinforcement (dots). In the testing phase, each CS is presented in isolation and the amount of conditioned (learned) responding is measured