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This is the largest number of AIDS cases in the world. The epidemic is intensifying and spreading, so we can expect to see the number of children with HIV/AIDS to increase. As well as the impact on child mortality, we will have large numbers of AIDS orphans. In 2001, there were 75,000-150,000 pregnant women with HIV; and 25,000-50,000 children infected by their mother. We must act now or face catastrophic consequences.