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If a foal is conceived too late as in summer, it likely will not race till it’s 3. The costs up to the first race include the stud fee, the care of the mare and her foal, and training as a yearling and 2-year old. Earlier matings give quicker returns—of course. Most mares are bred midFebruary to midApril. However, today 2 covers or even less not 3 as in 1960 are possible, raising the earning power of the stallions. They too are affected by hours of daylight, by aging and other common factors. Month 5 is April, 10 is October.

The graph of the days of the estrus cycle are given on the Y axis and the 12 months of the year on the X axis. April to October has shorter cycles than winter of course. R squared is the coefficient of determination, FitStErr is the standard error of the fit and F is the F ratio. The weak F value can be and should be raised by getting a larger sample of records. These are natural values. Values after hormone administration and lengthening the daylight duration should be pursued.