Obstruction then pain may have followed. Of course, there are other causes. Nevertheless, pain as a symptom—or as a syndrome—can be treated promptly and successfully. The practical solution is for pain not colic. What is the emergency problem? It is pain. Simply understand that the horse is in real trouble.

See International Veterinary Information Service www.ivis.org , and read "How to manage pain and dehydration in horses with colic, 21-Nov-2003 by DN Zimmel.