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Alcohol-attributable risks pertaining to the Pierce County population are unknown. Estimation of alcohol-related mortality was based in this study on the estimates of alcohol-attributable fractions (AAF) calculated for the U.S. population in 1987*. The application of the U.S. AAFs to the Pierce County population was based on two assumptions:
  • Relative risks pertaining to alcohol use and abuse are the same for the U.S. and Pierce County populations, and
  • Exposure of the U.S. population (1987) to the health risks relating to alcohol is considered as the lower estimate for the Pierce County population exposure to those health risks.

Alcohol-related deaths ARMk and years of potential life lost A_YPLLk were calculated from

ARMk = DEATHSk*AAFk and A_YPLLk = YPLLk*AAFk ,

where DEATHSk and YPLLk are the numbers of deaths and YPLL due to cause k.

The estimation of the number of the hospital bed-days Ak and visits to the outpatient hospital Bk, both pertaining to disease k and related to alcohol misuse, was performed in a similar way as it was for tobacco.

*CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. March 23, 1990.