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Measures for pregnant women and infants use data available from health centers and clinics. For those populations the above definitions are appropriate. For school children, adolescents and men >12% of anemia will already be considered of high public health significance. To monitor status of iron deficiency in a population use data from 100-200 pregnant women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Proxies for anemia include: - Endemic hook worm infection - Vegetarian diet, by choice or necessity - Multiple and/or teenage pregnancies - Implications from similar or neighboring populations