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Much of the epidemiologic literature is supportive of a beneficial effect of Phytoestrogens in cancer prevention. However, the literature is limited, And it may be that phytoestrogens are merely a marker of a healthy Diet and lifestyle. The biologic mechanisms by which phytoestrogens affect cancer need to be better elucidated. Much of the previous work suggesting a protective effect has involved populations consuming whole foods high in these compounds. It is unclear how phytoestrogens in isolation, or at levels higher than those obtainable through diet will behave in vivo. As you might recall, in vitro studies have shown concentration specific effects. We also need improved methods of quantifying phytoestrogen exposure, either Through biomarkers or assessment of dietary intake. The popularity of Phytoestrogens currently has resulted in the addition to foods of either Isolated isoflavones or soy products. Our current food composition data Do not reflect these potential sources of exposure. Finally, genetic susceptibility may be important. Certain individuals may benefit Or conversely be more likely to suffer harm because of genetically determined Metabolic differences. Addressing these issues will help to clarify the impact Of these compounds on cancer risk.

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