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Current morbidity rate in the NL is 20 - 50 per 100,000 inhabitants, the mortality rate is 2 per 100,000. Decreased fall / increase in incidence rates follows an increase of asylum seekers and immigrants from countries with high TB prevalence, who escape the imposed radiological check-up and follow-up (not registered due to illegal status), thus providing a new challenge. The number of cases with HIV + TB is believed to be small, but real figures are not available as testing and notification of HIV are not compulsory. The number of MDR-TB is small. A DNA-fingerprint bank is available, a useful tool in controlling possible spread of MDR-TB.