A rough comparison of curriculum structures in the European countries is presented in this slide. It shows the relative emphasis on the three phases or cycles of study, i.c. pre-clinical sciences, theoretical clinical sciences and clinical practice (although sometimes the latter two are less distinguished). In some countries the development towards an integrated curriculum is evident. Most of the curriculum structures are still discipline oriented and overloaded, whereas evident Problem Based Learning and Student Centred Systems still are rare. However in most countries national committees recommend a new approach in education and preparatory studies are ongoing almost everywhere.