But the modern age of the placebo was really marked by its use in research in the past 70 or 80 years, and by the seminal study by Henry Beecher of Harvard in 1955 who summarized 15 placebo controlled trials including an aggregate of over 1000 individuals, and calculated the aggregate benefit from placebo alone was about 35 percent. And that figure of about a one-third improvement due to placebo became gospel in placebo trials in the past half-century. And many of us who design studies assume that the placebo recipients can improve by a third, and if our drug is going to do better, it has to be statistically significantly better than one-third.