The UGDP trial showed no overall beneficial effect of a sulphonylurea, a giguamide, nor insulin on MI rates. Both oral drugs had serious potential adverse outcomes. A two year pilot study by the Veterans Administration (VACSDM) in sulphonylurea failure, obese Type 2 diabetics showed that intensive therapy with insulin appeared to have borderline negative effect on cardiovascular outcome. The Kumamoto study as previously described was too small to allow meaningful interpretation, while the DIGAMI study was a different type of study wherein patients with diabetes and acute myocardial infarction were treated with insulin infusion from admission and were followed subsequently for a year. Most of their post hospital discharge therapy however was not controlled. Nonetheless, a very significant and continuing benefit was seen for the early insulinization of these patients at the time of their MI. The DCCT trial described earlier did not have enough macrovascular events to permit any conclusions to be drawn.