- One method of microbial inactivation is use of solvent detergent washing to destroy enveloped viruses. Other chemical and heat treatments are used on products for the further manufacture of plasma.
- Plasma hold involves holding plasma products from one donation until the donor provides a second seronegative donation, indicating no new incident disease.
- Leukoreduction involves the removal of white blood cells, usually be filtration. This method has been effective for white blood cell associated agents such as CMV.