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  DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE THROUGH CDIE
                     ON THE THEME OF
        "REBUILDING SOCIETIES EMERGING FROM CONFLICT"

To order documents, "Compose" a new Banyan email message with your 
request to the following Banyan email address as shown: 
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(1)   The order number(s) of the document(s) you would like to
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      (Note some documents are only available in paper form)

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1.   Kumar, Krishna et al. REBUILDING POST-WAR RWANDA: THE ROLE OF THE 
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. POA. January, 1996, approximately 80 pages. 
(Order Number: PNABY108)

Krishna Kumar was the assessment manager and team leader for the USAID 
component of the multinational, multi-donor evaluation of emergency 
assistance to Rwanda. The team visited Rwanda and drafted a separate 
report that is being issued as part of the larger donor report. The main 
objective was to draw lessons from the Rwanda experience relevant for 
future complex emergencies, as well as for current operations in Rwanda 
and the region. 

2.   Mahling Clark, Kim.   FOSTERING A FAREWELL TO ARMS: PRELIMINARY 
LESSONS LEARNED IN THE DEMOBILIZATION AND REINTEGRATION OF EX-COMBATANTS. 
R&RS. February 1996, 35 pages. (Order Number: PNABY027)

In response to a request from USAID's Africa Bureau, Kim Mahling Clark 
has prepared a desk study on the lessons learned in the demobilization 
and reintegration of combatants, examining programs in El Salvador, 
Eritrea, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Nicaragua, and Uganda.

3.   McCannell, Ryan S.  HUMAN RIGHTS RAPID RESPONSE MONITORING SURVEY 
REPORT. R&RS. July 1995, 23 pages. (Order Number: PNABY175)

As a part of a broader study commissioned by the Office of Transition 
Initiatives and PPC, two R&RS researchers surveyed 25 human rights NGOs 
and related organizations to measure their capacity to respond rapidly to 
requests for human rights monitoring work.

4.   McHugh, Heather.  EFFORTS IN ETHNIC CONFLICT RESOLUTION: PRELIMINARY 
LESSONS LEARNED. R&RS. March 1995, 54 pages, 7 tables.  (Order Number: 
PNABU375)

This paper, based on a literature review and extensive interviews with 
individuals knowledgeable in this area within and outside USAID, was 
initially prepared in response to a request from ENI.  It examines 
relevant theories of ethnic conflict resolution and identifies lessons 
learned from USAID, other donors, and other sources. 

5.   Mahling Clark, Kim. MOZAMBIQUE'S TRANSITION FROM WAR TO PEACE; 
USAID'S LESSONS LEARNED. R&RS. April, 1966, 36 pages.  (Order Number:  
PNABY278)
 
In response to a request from USAID/Maputo, Kim Mahling Clark traveled to 
Mozambique in April 1995 to document USAID's experience in that country's 
war-to-peace transition.  Relying on documents, cables, and interviews 
with field staff, the report summarizes the Mission's development and 
implementation of a transition strategy, the processes and projects it 
used to accomplish its goal, and draws lessons learned for USAID 
practitioners.

6.   Cacich, Michael.  USAID ACTIVITIES ADDRESSING THE NEEDS OF PERSONS 
WITH DISABILITIES.  R&RS, Forthcoming: Available June/July 1996.  

In response to a request from PPC, Michael Cacich conducted a desk review 
of USAID's experience in meeting the needs of persons with disabilities 
dating back to the 1960s.  The study is intended as a descriptive 
overview of Agency activities, and not an evaluation of the 
appropriateness or adequacy of those interventions.  Recent USAID 
activities in this area include prosthetic and rehabilitation services 
projects provided to the war-wounded during or after periods of civil 
conflict.  This desk review may be especially interesting to Missions 
considering activities to address, directly or indirectly, needs of the 
disabled.
7.   McHugh, Heather.  ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY:  EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS FOR 
POLITICAL DISASTERS.  R&RS. February 1996, 18 pages. (Order Number: PNABY178)

Recently USAID has began to explore the utility and effectiveness of 
preventive diplomacy, early warning systems, and conflict resolution 
mechanisms.  Discussions of "failed states"; the perception in some media 
that USAID and other donors seemed unprepared to deal with the events in 
Rwanda, Somalia, Bosnia, and Haiti; concern over the persistence of 
ethnic conflict and "complex disasters" -- all served to contribute to 
the need to examine these topics.  The annotated bibliography identifies 
key literature on early warning relevant to USAID and other donor 
efforts.  It also includes the agendas from two major USAID-sponsored 
workshops on this subject.

8.  McHugh, Heather.  BRIEF ON PREVENTIVE DIPLOMACY.  R&RS.  February 
1995, 18 pages, including contact list and annex. (Order Number: PNABY176)

The brief on preventive diplomacy, originally written for the PPC Bureau 
as part of the PRD-50 exercise, focuses on the types and modalities of 
preventive action.  

9.   McHugh, Heather. KEY ISSUES IN POLICE TRAINING:  LESSONS LEARNED 
FROM USAID EXPERIENCE. R&RS. September 1994, 20 pages.  (Order Number: 
PNABY304)

Written as part of an Agency policy review of USAID's police training, 
this brief document examines USAID experience with Public Safety 
programs, and more recent experience with police training activities.

10.  Management Systems International.  EVALUATE THE PAST TO BUILD THE 
FUTURE:  FINAL REPORT OF THE SECOND PHASE OF THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT 
OF THE CENTRO DEMOS PROGRAM. December 1995, 46 pages. (Order Number: 
PDABM333).

This evaluation of the Centro DEMOS conflict management project, funded 
by the Office of Democratic Initiatives of USAID/El Salvador, found that 
the levels of tolerance were higher in the country because of the 
project.  However, since the impact was not quantifiable, measuring 
exactly how much improvement had occurred was difficult.
11.  CDIE/ES.  USAID HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE WORKSHOP ON PERFORMANCE 
MEASUREMENT:  WASHINGTON, DC, JUNE 15-16, 1995.  USAID Managing for 
Results Working Paper No. 8, January 1996, 51 pages. (Order Number PNABS538).

This document summarizes the findings from a workshop on performance 
measurement.  Of particular relevance to countries in transition are the 
sections dealing with post-emergency assistance (pages 38-51).

12.  Golub, Stephan.  STRENGTHENING HUMAN RIGHTS MONITORING MISSIONS:  AN 
OPTIONS PAPER PREPARED FOR THE OFFICE OF TRANSITION INITIATIVES BUREAU 
FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE/USAID.  December 1995.  81 pages.  (Order 
Number: PNABX846)

This report explores the option of strengthening the capacity of the 
international community in general, and the United Nations in particular, 
to field teams of human rights monitors rapidly and effectively across 
the globe.  Case studies for the report include: South Africa, Cambodia, 
and Guatemala.

13.  Office of Transition Initiatives, Bureau of Humanitarian Response.  
DONOR OPTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING THE BOSNIAC/CROAT FEDERATION.  April 
1995, 153 pages plus three annexes.  (Order Number: PNABU850)

This options paper reviews the status of the Bosniac-Croat Federation and 
suggests opportunities for donor interventions in three areas:  political 
assistance, infrastructure rehabilitation, and economic aid.  The report 
underscores the fragility of the Federation by stressing the need to 
select activities that recognize and strengthen the interdependence of 
the Federation's two ethnic groups. In so doing, the paper discusses 
several "bottom-up" approaches toward fostering reconciliation.

14.  McHugh, Heather.  THE TRUTH ABOUT TRUTH COMMISSIONS.  R&RS, March 
1996, 14 pages.  (Order Number: PNABY177)

Truth commissions are often created within countries during times of 
political transition, usually to demonstrate a new government's break 
with a past record of rights abuses, to promote national reconciliation, 
and/or to obtain or maintain political legitimacy. This short study of 
truth commissions was the result of a request from the Policy Bureau.  It 
reviews the history of truth commissions, describes their process, 
discusses the difference between truth commissions and war crimes 
tribunals, suggests preliminary lessons learned, and includes seven case 
studies.
15.  Scott, Marc, and Henry Reynolds.  USAID/EL SALVADOR: THE FIRST THREE 
YEARS OF THE PEACE AND NATIONAL RECOVERY PROJECT: LESSONS LEARNED.  USAID 
Mission to El Salvador, San Salvador.  October 1994, 31 pages and 5 
appendices.  (Order Number: PNABT659)

Since 1991, USAID has supported a major post-civil war recovery project 
in El Salvador.  This report documents lessons learned during the 
project's first three years.



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