`=UqUq @@@ @@@@]$^/V\Uq EN DB      & ./ < H gW w>B_Ss.=!handheld computer in medicine.enli 1990# 5081998. A.20020)Abner GH2002 Amtmann19994Asuncion19992Asuncion20013Asuncion2001 Bailey20011 Bailey20022 Ballabio19995 Barile20002 Barile200103 Barile20010* Batavia1990 Berland2001+Blanck P2003  Bosher1999 Brewer1999 Burgstahler1992 Bush2001, Butler SE2002 Carlson1992 Carlson2001 Carlson2002Cleghorn20000 Coombs1991 Coyne2001 Coyne2001 CUSHMAN2001 Day1996 Day2001- Day2001. Day2002/ Demers2002 DOC20020 Edwards BJ19981 Eggett2002 Ehrlich2001 Fernie200024 Fichten19994 Fichten19992 Fichten20013 Fichten20014 Fossey19995 Fossey20002 Fossey200103 Fossey200106 Goodman2002* Hammer19900 Harris20009 Hennessey2001 Jakob2001 Johnson1999 Jones2000 Jutai1996 Jutai2001. Jutai20027 Kapperman G2002 Kaye20008 Klein2003 Kohut2000LaPlante1992 Lenker2002 Lim20029 Luft20016 Luft20022 McNeil1993 Mihailidis2000 NCD2000 NCDDR2000 NIDDR1999  Nielsen1996 Nielsen1999 Nielsen2001 Nielsen2001 NSF1997 NTIA1999 NTIA2002"Paciello1999!Paciello2000( Panek1999: Paul1999  Rainie2000; Ritchie H20035 Robillard20002 Robillard20013 Robillard20019 Rumrill2001< Schartz2002% Scherer1994& Scherer1996  Scherer2001$ Seelman2001= Shone20029 Snyder20011 Strong20010- STRONG20016 Tiene2002' UCSF/RRTC1996  Whitehouse19992Wolforth20011Woolrich2001( Zagler1999 Zeiler19999  AuthorsTJournals Keywords                                `qU |T 508, SectionA., Campbell K.Abner GH, Lahm EAAlbrecht, G.L. Amtmann, DAsuncion, J.V. Bailey, Nell Ballabio, W Barile, MBatavia, A. I.Berland, Betty Jo,)Blanck P, Ritchie H, Schmeling J, Klein D Bosher, P Brewer, J.Burgstahler, S. E Bury, M. Bush, G.W.,(Butler SE, Crudden A, Sansing WK, et al. Carlson, DawnCleghorn, W.L. Coombs, N.Coyne, Kara PerniceCUSHMAN, Laura A. Day, H.,'Day, H., Jutai, J. WILLIAM WOOLRICH and Day, HyHCDemers, L. ; Monette, M. ; Lapierre, Y. ; Arnold, D.L. ; Wolfson, CDOCEdwards BJ, Lewis S Eggett, CBEhrlich, Nathaniel Fernie, G.R. Fichten, C.Fichten, C. S. Fossey, M. E Fossey, M.E. Goodman, G. Hammer, G. S. Harris Hennessey, M.Initiative", "New FreedomJakob, Nielsen Johnson, KJones, Jennifer Jutai, J.Jutai, Jeffrey$ Kapperman G, Sticken J, Heinze TKaye, H. StephenXUKlein, David, WIlliam Myhill, Linda Hansen, Gary Asby, Susan Michaelson, Peter Blanck Kohut, Andrew LaPlante, M. Lenker, J.A. Lim, S.F. Luft, P. McNeil, J.M. Mihailidis, ANCDNCDDRNIDDRNielsen, JakobNSFNTIA Paciello, M Panek, P. Paul, W. Rainie, LeeRitchie H, Blanck P Robillard, C Rumrill, P.0-Schartz, Kevin, Schartz, Helen, Blanck, Peter Scherer, M.J.Scherer, Marcia J.Seelman, K. D. Seelman, K.D.0-Shone, -S-M; Ryan, -S; Rigby,-P-J; Jutai,-J-W Snyder, J. L.Strong, Graham Tiene, D. UCSF/RRTC Whitehouse, D Wolforth, J.Woolrich, William Zagler, W.F. Zeiler, T   $!American Journal of Ophthalmology BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW("Canadian Journal of Rehabilitation Disability and Rehabilitation EDUCOM ReviewJ VISUAL IMPAIR BLIN41Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability40Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development,(JOURNAL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT & BLINDNESS$!Research and Education NetworkingTechnology and DisabilityWork   ('=,$ &%<;Ritchie H, Blanck P 2003The promise of the Internet for disability: A study of on-line services and Web site accessibility at centers for independent living$BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAWB211 5-26*$SUPPORT, INFORMATION, SYSTEM, ONLINEhe Internet provides individuals with disabilities numerous tools to live independently. In the convenience of the home, a person can access an abundance of information, an electronic community, updates on the latest disability advocacy news, education through distance-learning classes, and on-line shopping for books, clothes, assistive technology, and a host of other consumer goods. Centers for Independent Living (CILs) are consumer-run, nonprofit grassroots disability service organizations at the forefront of the disability rights movement. Providing services to individuals across the range of disabilities, CILs have begun to use the Internet as a complement to their traditional service delivery methods. This article examines the emerging trend of independent living services on the web. The investigation examines 200 CIL Internet sites across the United States during the period of April to August 2001. Information is collected and analyzed about how CILs are using the Internet to provide their services and programs. In addition, the article examines the technological accessibility of their web sites. Implications of the findings for CILs, consumers with disabilities, and disability policy are examined. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.2,Schartz, Kevin,Schartz, Helen, Blanck, Peter 2002VOEmployment of Persons in Information Technology Jobs: Literature for "IT Works"r$BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAWs20637-657U Scherer, M.J. 1994XRMatching person and technology (MPT) model and accompanying assessment instruments  New York.u Websterk Scherer, M.J.f 1996b[Living in the state of stuck: How technology impacts the lives of people with disabilities,t  Cambridge, MAt Brookline Books("Marcia J. Scherer Laura A. CUSHMAN 2001Measuring subjective quality of life following spinal cord injury: a validation study of the assistive technology device predisposition assessment$Disability and Rehabilitation239387-393 2001Purpose: Assesses the validity of a subset of items of the Assistive Technology Device Predisposition Assessment (ATD PA) as a measure of quality of life (QOL) for persons with new spinal cord injury. Method: Subjects completed the ATD PA QOL subset, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) while in acute rehabilitation. The internal reliability of the QOL subset of the ATD PA was assessed. Concurrent validity of the ATD PAs QOL subset with the SWLS and construct validity with the BSI depression subscale was assessed using Spearman correlations. Subjects were recruited while acute rehabilitation inpatients in a general hospital and consisted of twenty persons with newly acquired SCI (10 males and 10 females). Results : Signi cant positive correlations between the ATD PAs QOL subset and SWLS (and signi cant negative correlations with the BSI depression subscale) suggest the QOL subset has concurrent and construct validity. Conclusions: The ATD PA s QOL subset appears to be a valid measure and, thus, it can be useful both in identifying subjective quality of life and predispositions to AT use early in rehabilitation.wNHhttp://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/schererATmeasureSC.pdfSeelman, K. D. 2001TNAn International View on Science and Technology Policy: What About Disability? ,&Albrecht, G.L. Seelman, K.D. Bury, M.$Handbook of Disability Studies  Sage Press2+Shone,-S-M; Ryan,-S; Rigby,-P-J; Jutai,-J-W 2002~wToward a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of electronic aids to daily living: evaluation of consumer satisfaction;$Disability and Rehabilitation24 1-3V 115-252002 Jan 10-Feb 15PURPOSE: It is generally accepted that electronic aids to daily living (EADLs) play an important role in the lives of many people with severe disabilities by providing the means to access and control devices for daily living activities. Despite this, little proof exists to support the contention that consumers are satisfied with relevant aspects of these assistive devices. The purpose of this study was to explore consumer satisfaction with EADLs and investigate the value that people with degenerative neuromuscular conditions place on these technologies. METHOD: Interviews were conducted with 40 EADL users and non-users to compare their views about these devices and their daily life experiences. Users were interviewed twice, six months apart, to establish the stability of their views and experiences with EADLs. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM instrument), the personal profile and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST) were administered to determine functional levels of participants, gather personal data pertinent to the study of device utility and explore user satisfaction with EADLs. RESULTS: Results suggest that overall consumers were quite satisfied with their EADLs and that this was relatively stable over time. However, some consumers expressed concerns regarding the cost of these technologies and their associated services. Both users and non-users rated EADLs similarly in relation to relative degree of importance ascribed to them. CONCLUSIONS: Combining the QUEST with outcome measurement tools that explore other important dimensions such as the effect on quality of life and psychosocial impact will help service providers to justify the costs associated with the prescription of sophisticated, costly assistive devices such as EADLs.  UCSF/RRTC 1996PISpecial analysis of survey data from the National Health Interview Surveyp  San Franciscos tmRehabilitation Research and Training Center on Disability Statistics, University of California, San FranciscoZagler, W.F. Panek, P. 1999leAssisting the facilitators - interface design and telematic support for IT-based assistive technologyt Technology and Disabilityo102t129-136r 1999 @@ = *% &'#0 4":(5! -239 $),./167<=+8;A was assessed. Concurrent validity of the ATD PAs QOL subset with the SWLS and construct validity with the BSI depression subscale was assessed using Spearman correlations. Subjects were recruited while acute rehabilitation inpatients in a general hospital and consisted of twenty persons with newly acquired SCI (10 males and 1. -. Jutai, J. Campbell K. A. 2002zsDevelopment of a scale to measure the psychosocial impact of assistive devices: lessons learned and the road ahead.$Disability and Rehabilitation24 1-3 31-37C2+PURPOSE: In this paper the history of the develo<5Day, H., Jutai, J. WILLIAM WOOLRICH and GRAHAM STRONG 20012,The Stability of impact of assistive devices$Disability and RehabilitationV239V400-404 & Day, H. Jutai, J. Campbell K. A. 2002zsDevelopment of a scale to measure the psychosocial impact of assistive devices: lessons learned and the road ahead.$Disability and Rehabilitation24 1-3 31-37C2+PURPOSE: In this paper the history of the development and validation of the PIADS is reviewed. Assistive devices (ADs) are extremely prevalent forms of health care intervention for persons who have a disability. There is a consensus that the AD field needs a reliable and valid measure of how users perceive the impact of ADs on their quality of life (QoL) and sense of well-being. The Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) is a 26 item self-rating scale designed to fill this measurement gap. The challenges that we encountered are described in attempting to adequately conceptualize QOL impact, and operationalize it in a measure suitable for use with virtually all forms of AD. Current efforts to extend the validation of the PIADS are summarized. CONCLUSIONS: The study concludes by suggesting directions for future research and development of the scale. They include a richer examination of its conceptual relationships to other health care and rehabilitation outcome measures, and further investigation of its clinical utility. The PIADS is a reliable and valid tool that appears to have very significant power to predict AD abandonment and retention. It can and should be used both deductively and inductively to build, discover and test theory about the psychosocial impact of assistive technology.f4l32D10H32D10Edwards BJ, Lewis S  1998XQThe use of technology in programs for students with visual impairments in Floriday.(JOURNAL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT & BLINDNESS925302-312MAY 19980)Teachers of students with visual impairments in Florida were surveyed to determine their use of various types of access technologies. Each category of device, with the exception of refreshable braille devices, was used by at least 25 percent of the teachers. The majority stated that they were not familiar with most of the devices listed and had difficulty acquiring the training needed to learn devices well enough to teach the students to use them. On the basis of these findings, recommendations for preservice and in-service training are suggested. Eggett, CB 2002>8Assistive technology needs in public libraries: A surveyJ VISUAL IMPAIR BLIN968@549-5578AUG 2002RKFichten, C. Asuncion, J.V. Barile, M Fossey, M. E Robillard, C Wolforth, J. 2001Computer technologies for postsecondary students with dissabilities II: Resources and recommendations for postsecondary service providers.s81Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disabilityo151 59-82lHAFichten, C. S. Asuncion, J.V. Barile, M Fossey, M. E Robillard, C 2001~Computer technologies for postsecondary students with disabilites I: Comparison of student and service provider perspectives.81Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability151 28-58 >7Comparison of student and service provider perspectivesP:4http://Adaptech.dawsoncollege.qc.ca/pubs/jpdsci..htm @9Fossey, M.E. Fichten, C. S. Fichten, C. S. Asuncion, J.V.  1999JCComputer technologies for postsecondary students with disabilities.@ Montreal, Quebec & Dawson College, Adaptech ProjectA Canadian study which asked the question, do post-secondary students with disabilities use adaptive or technological computer accommodations to increase their productivity. Researchers found prevalent ignorance about funding sources for AT and lack of funding was the primary reason cited by those that used no AT devices. Screen readers and text-to-speech software were most popular technologies for low vision and blind participants along with portable Braille notetaking devices. Technologies for hearing impaired participants included visual flash software for alert messages, vocabulary expansion software, and subtitles for multimedia presentations.a d 19902+The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 PL 101-336327-378t#42 8:b!t"The promise of the Internet for disability: A study of on-line services and Web site accessibility at centers for independent living$BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAWB211 5-26*$SUPPORT, INFORMATION, SYSTEM, ONLINEhe Int NSF 1997rlNational Science Foundation Workshop on Human-Centered Systems: Information, Interactivity, and Intelligence "National Science Foundationt 2003:4http://www.ifp.uiuc.edu/nsfhcs/final_report/toc.html  NTIA 1999:4Falling Through the Net: Defining the Digital Divide Washingont, D.C. ^XU.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration. 1999  NTIA 2002HAA Nation Online: How American are Expanding Their Use of Internet. Washington, D.C. ZTUS Department of Commerce, National Telecommunication and Information Administration February 20024.http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/dn/index.html Paciello, Mr 1999*#Advanced Accessible Web Page Design4LFProceedings of the Technology and Persons with Disabilities Conference Los Angeles, CaliforniarMarch 15-20, 1999n2,http://www.dinf.org/csun_99/session1001.html Paciello, M 20004.Web Accessibility for People with Disabilities  Lawrence, KS  CMP BooksoPaul, W.rlThe role of computer assistive technology in rehabilitation of the visually impaired: a personal perspective(!American Journal of Ophthalmology4 1271  75-6 1999Human Reading *Sensory Aids *Therapy, Computer-Assisted *Vision Disorders/rh [Rehabilitation] *Visually Impaired Persons/rh [Rehabilitation] Lee Rainie Andrew Kohut 2000jcTracking online life: How women use the Internet to cultivate relationships with family and friendsp Washington, D.C. .(The Pew Internet & American Life Project37 May 10, 2000F@http://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/Report-pew.pdf *Consumer Participation*Self-Help Devices *Sensory Aids4/*Technology Assessment, Biomedical/mt [Methods] *Therapy, Computer-Assisted(%*Vision Disorders/rh [Rehabilitation]4.*Visually Impaired Persons/rh [Rehabilitation]Adult Blindness/rh [Rehabilitation]("Cerebral Palsy/rh [Rehabilitation] Deafness/rh [Rehabilitation]82DISABILITY POLICY, DISCRIMINATION, SCIENCE, PEOPLEEquipment DesignEquipment SafetyEvaluation Studies FemaleHumanMale Middle Age,(Muscular Dystrophies/rh [Rehabilitation]$!Poliomyelitis/rh [Rehabilitation] Reading$ Self-Help Devices/ec [Economics] Sensory Aids/ec [Economics],(Spinal Cord Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation]($SUPPORT, INFORMATION, SYSTEM, ONLINE Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.65 *#Fossey, M. E Barile, M Robillard, C 2000Access to college for all: ITAC Project Computer and adaptive computer technologies in the cegeps for students with disabilities. Montreal, Quebec & Dawson College, Adaptech Project This study concerned three groups: cegep students with various disabilities, cegep professors, and individuals who provide services to these students. Their goal was to gather information that could serve as an empirical basis for making decisions regarding the application of computer, learning and adaptive technologies in post-secondary education. Three separate studies: the first was a focus group only, the second a written survey, and the third - structured telephone interviews. Separate focus groups were used for French and English speakers respectively. Participants had multiple disabilities. The cost of accommodations was prohibitive for many participants; participants were not aware of governmental programs to fund this type of assistive technology. Other barriers noted by participants were network, hardware, and software compatibility problems and poor training opportunities. Participants had tendency to "cross-use technologies" use technologies intended for one disability for a different disability. Demographics such as age and gender were minimally associated with computer related views and experiences. The study found that many service providers are not familiar with adaptive technologies. Concerns from professors were noted surrounding the efficiency of software and hardware upgrades to computers that typically last only 3 to 5 years. Much of the information gleaned from this study was cegep-specific. Writers recommend accessibility advisory committees ensure available resources to students with different impairments.$Goodman, G. Tiene, D. Luft, P. 2002d^Adoption of assistive technology for computer access among college students with disabilities.$Disability and Rehabilitation  24" 80-92" PURPOSE: Fourteen college students with disabilities identified factors that influenced them to adopt or reject Assistive Technology (AT) for the personal computer in order to assess the effectiveness of a college course on adapted computer use. METHOD: Forty-eight items were developed for a Q sort to represent both positive and negative statements in each of the three areas of Scherer's' model (milieu, person and technology). The model was modified to include specific statements about the training experience. A series of three interviews were administered to the students during the year following completion of the class. RESULTS: Factor analysis of the Q sorts indicated that the participants had a unanimously positive experience. Three factors ('a positive experience', 'I'm OK, you're not OK', and 'support') emerged from the Q sort analysis. The training programme, the technology provided, and the characteristics of the individuals in the class all seemed to contribute to the success of the experience. Seventy-five percent of the students who took the class adopted at least some of the AT a year later. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the need for specific training programmes and course work for college students with disabilities who are interested in improving computer access skills.  Harris 2000@92000 N.O.D./Harris survey of Americans with disabilities\  New York, NY Louis Harris & Associatesf 2000&Johnson, K Amtmann, D Zeiler, T 1999ZSApplications Of The Internet To The Employment Process For People With Disabilities\.(Technology and Persons with Disabilities  Los AngelesMarch 15-20, 19992,http://www.dinf.org/csun_99/session0077.html~$, |+ *< )~#b Section 508 19984-Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973\ U.S.C 794\Abner GH, Lahm EA 2002jcImplementation of assistive technology with students who are visually impaired: Teachers' readinessJ VISUAL IMPAIR BLIN  96y2 98-105FEB 2002Teachers of students of visual impairments in Kentucky were surveyed to identify the current assistive technologies their students were using and to identify the teachers' possible unmet training needs. Although the teachers had access to and used computer-based technologies, they lacked the training and support for teaching specific technologies to their students, so only half their students used these technologies. Ballabio, W Whitehouse, D 1999xrAgeing and disability in the information society: a European perspective on research and technological development Technology and Disability101 3-10`YToward the development of consumer-based criteria for the evaluation of assistive deviceso"Batavia, A. I. Hammer, G. S.60Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development274 425-36 1990Adult Blindness/rh [Rehabilitation] Cerebral Palsy/rh [Rehabilitation] *Consumer Participation Deafness/rh [Rehabilitation] Equipment Design Equipment Safety Evaluation Studies Female Human Male Middle Age Muscular Dystrophies/rh [Rehabilitation] Poliomyelitis/rh [Rehabilitation] Self-Help Devices/ec [Economics] *Self-Help Devices Sensory Aids/ec [Economics] *Sensory Aids Spinal Cord Injuries/rh [Rehabilitation] Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. *Technology Assessment, Biomedical/mt [Methods]sjdThe most important basis for evaluating an assistive device is whether it satisfies the needs of the disabled consumer. However, the factors that consumers consider in determining whether a device meets their needs are not well understood. This preliminary study applied a small focus group process to identify and prioritize factors used by long-term users of assistive technology in assessing their devices. A modified version of the Delphi Method was applied to two groups of long-term users--a Panel of Consumer Experts with Mobility Impairments and a Panel of Consumer Experts with Sensory Impairments. In total, the panels identified and prioritized 17 general factors for 11 types of assistive technologies. This study constitutes an initial step toward the development of design, engineering, and selection criteria based on the specific concerns of consumers.0)Blanck P, Ritchie H, Schmeling J, Klein D~ 2003D>Technology for independence: A community-based resource center$BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAWd211@ 51-6282DISABILITY POLICY, DISCRIMINATION, SCIENCE, PEOPLEDespite the prominence of the disability civil rights model-with its values of inclusion and empowerment-the majority of social and policy research conducted to date has not sufficiently included the perspective of persons with disabilities in the research process and as uniquely qualified researchers themselves. This article describes a new project, "Technology for Independence: A Community-Based Resource Center" (CBRC). Over a five-year period, the CBRC will attempt to enhance community and consumer-directed disability organizations to design, implement, and disseminate research that promotes access to and use of assistive technology (AT). The CBRC will use strategies such as leadership training, participatory action research, technical assistance, webassisted training, and annual symposia. A primary goal of the CBRC is to increase the capacity of community organizations to conduct research on AT that is scientifically rigorous and relevant to disability services, policy, and law. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.Bosher, P Brewer, J. 1999Alternative Web Browsing 2003.(http://www.w3.org/WAI/Refernces/BrowsingBurgstahler, S. E  1992NHDisabled students gain independence through adaptive technology services EDUCOM Review272 45-46 Bush, G.W. 2001.'President Bush's New Freedom Initiativeo New Freedom Initiative 2003InternetNGhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/news/freedominitiative/freedominitiative.html.(Butler SE, Crudden A, Sansing WK, et al. 2002LFEmployment barriers: Access to assistive technology and research needsJ VISUAL IMPAIR BLIN969@664-667LSEP 2002 B;Dawn Carlson Nathaniel Ehrlich Betty Jo Berland Nell Bailey 2001piAssistive Technology Survey Results: Continued benefits and needs reported by Americans with disabilitiesl  Austin, Texas B82002 Technology and Persons with Disabilities conference Northridge, California<5http://www.csun.edu/cod/conf/2002/proceedings/311.htm\ Coombs, N. 1991RLWindow of equal opportunity - online services and the disabled computer user(!Research and Education Networkingu2r9u & Kara Pernice Coyne Jakob Nielsen 2001<6How to Conduct Usability Evaluations for Accessibility  Fremont, CA Nielsen Norman Group47The report explains how to conduct usability studies with test participants who use assistive technologies such as screen readers. 40 guidelines to help plan and run usability studies with users who are blind, have low vision, or have motor skill challenges. Includes sample forms that were developed through several iterations and ended up in versions that proved to work well: 1 screening questionnaire for recruiting test participants 2 facilitator script 3 satisfaction questionnaire 4 consent formVOhttp://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/accessibility_methodology.pdfa (!Kara Pernice Coyne Jakob, Nielsen0 2001Beyond ALT Text: Making the Web Easy to Use for Users with Disabilities Design Guidelines for Websites and Intranets Based on Usability Studies with People Using Assistive Technology  Fremont, SA Nielsen Norman Group 150Oct 2001JChttp://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/beyondalttext.pdfDay, Hy Jutai, Jeffrey 1996>7the psychosocial impact of assistive devices: the PIADSt("Canadian Journal of Rehabilitation9u2r159-168:3Hy Day Jeffrey Jutai William Woolrich Graham Strongo 20012,The Stability of Impact of Assistive Devices$Disability and Rehabilitation 239 400-404 Purpose: Abandonment of an assistive device (AD) is a frustrating issue yet is very common. An important reason for abandonment is that the device fails to improve the quality of life of the adopter. Method: By means of a new questionnaire, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS) the impact onquality of life of any AD can be measured.This study tested the hypothesis that the impact of the adoption of an AD would wane with time, as the user becomes more adapted to the AD. The study attempted to do a one year follow up on all patients at a leading Canadian clinic who had received rst-time prescriptions for eyeglasses. Results : The results showed that the positive impact, present on adoption, did not diminish signi cantly for those who retained the use of the device. Conclusion: The PIADS provides clinicians with a reliable and economical method for assessing the role of psychosocial factors in the retention or abandonment of an AD.JDhttp://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/piad-stability.pdf/TJCDemers, L. ; Monette, M. ; Lapierre, Y. ; Arnold, D.L. ; Wolfson, C" 2002Reliability, validity, and applicability of the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) for adults with multiple sclerosis$Disability and Rehabilitation024 1-3R 21-30VPurpose: To investigate the measurement properties of the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) with respect to test-retest stability, alternate form reliability, construct validity and applicability. Method: Data on satisfaction and quality of life impacts of mobility devices were obtained from 81 community-based adults with Multiple Sclerosis, using the QUEST 2.0 and the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS). Subjects were assigned to four groups and a second QUEST 2.0 was administered one week later. Groups differed with respect to the format and the order in whichalternate forms were presented. Measures of association were calculated between QUEST 2.0 and PIADS (n = 81)and between QUEST 2.0 alternate forms (n = 48). Respondents' reactions were considered. Results: The device subscale, services subscale, and total QUEST 2.0 scores achieved good test-retest stability (ICC 0.82, 0.82,0.91). Alternate-form equivalence (ICC 0.89, 0.76, 0.91) was lower for services. The positive correlations between QUEST 2.0 and the three PIADS dimensions were fair to moderate for device and total QUEST 2.0 (rp 0.34 to 0.45) and fair with services (rp 0.27 to 0.30). The tool was positively received, with some restrictions for the services subscale. Conclusions: These findings on the psychometric properties of the QUEST 2.0 reinforce the relevance of the device subscale as an important outcome measure for assistive technology MS users. Further assessment of the services subscale is needed.o  DOC  2002LFA Nation Online: How Americans are expanding their use of the Internet Washington, D.C. "U.S. Department of Commercew98February, 2002Few technologies have spread as quickly, or become so widely used, as computers and the Internet. These information technologies are rapidly becoming common fixtures of modern social and economic life, opening opportunities and new avenues for many Americans. A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the Internet shows the rapidly growing use of new information technologies across all demographic groups and geographic regions. Not only are many more Americans using the Internet and computers at home, they are also using them at work, school, and other locations for an expanding variety of purposes. In the last few years, Americans use of the Internet and computers has grown substantially. The rate of growth of Internet use in the United States is currently two million new Internet users per month. More than half of the nation is now online. In September 2001, 143 million Americans (about 54 percent of the population) were using the Internet an increase of 26 million in 13 months. In September 2001, 174 million people (or 66 percent of the population) in the United States used computers. Children and teenagers use computers and the Internet more than any other age group. Ninety percent of children between the ages of 5 and 17 (or 48 million) now use computers. Seventy-five percent of 14-17 year olds and 65 percent of 10-13 year olds use the Internet. Family households with children under the age of 18 are more likely to access the Internet (62 percent) than family households with no children (53 percent), and non-family households (35 percent). Computers at schools substantially narrow the gap in computer usage rates for children from high and low income families. Internet use is increasing for people regardless of income, education, age, races, ethnicity, or gender. Between December 1998 and September 2001, Internet use by individuals in the lowest-income households (those earning less than $15,000 per year) increased at a 25 percent annual growth rate. Internet use among individuals in the highest-income households (those earning $75,000 per year or more) increased from a higher base but at a much slower 11 percent annual growth rate. Between August 2000 and September 2001, Internet use among Blacks and Hispanics increased at annual rates of 33 and 30 percent, respectively. Whites and Asian American and Pacific Islanders experienced annual growth rates of approximately 20 percent during these same periods. Over the 1998 to 2001 period, growth in Internet use among people living in rural households has been at an average annual rate of 24 percent, and the percentage of Internet users in rural areas (53 percent) is now almost even with the national average (54 percent). The highest growth rate among different types of households is for single mothers with children (29 percent). People with mental or physical disabilities (such as blindness, deafness, or difficulty walking, typing, or leaving home) are less likely than those without such disabilities to use computers or the Internet. While 80 percent of Americans access the Internet through dial-up service, residential use of broadband service is rapidly expanding. Between August 2000 and September 2001, residential use of high-speed, broadband service doubledfrom about 5 to 11 percent of all individuals, and from 11 to 20 percent of Internet users. Americans are going online to conduct an expanding range of activities. Forty-five percent of the population now uses e-mail, up from 35 percent in 2000. Approximately one-third of Americans use the Internet to search for product and service information (36 percent, up from 26 percent in 2000). Among Internet users, 39 percent of individuals are making online purchases and 35 percent of individuals are searching for health information. Use of the Internet and computers at work has contributed to higher use levels at home. The presence of someone who uses a computer or the Internet at work in a household is associated with substantially higher computer ownership or Internet use for that household, by a margin of about 77 percent to 35 percent. With more than half of all Americans using computers and the Internet, we are truly a nation online. At work, schools, and libraries, as well as at home, the Internet is being used by a greater number of Americans.JDhttp://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/anationonline2.pdf 9\8H7Jones, Jennifer\ 20004-Users with disabilities push high-tech limitso InfoWorldlSeptember 1, 2000yJDhttp://www.infoworld.com/articles/hn/xml/00/09/04/000904hnetrend.xml& Kapperman G, Sticken J, Heinze T 2002^XSurvey of the use of assistive technology by Illinois students who are visually impaired J VISUAL IMPAIR BLINa961106-108Feb 2002 H. Stephen Kayea 2000>8Computer and Internet Use Among People with Disabilities San Francisco, Californiaa jdDisability Statistics Center, Institute for Health and Aging, University of California San Francisco17 March, 2000D>http://him1.shrs.pitt.edu/curbcut/task1literature/REPORT13.pdf\UKlein, David, WIlliam Myhill, Linda Hansen, Gary Asby, Susan Michaelson, Peter Blanck 2003XRElectronic Doors to Education: Study of High School Website Accessibility in Iowa$BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAWn21 27-49 "school website accessibilityf`The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), and Sections 504 and 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, prohibit discrimina-tion against people with disabilities in all aspects of daily life, including education, work, and access to places of public accommodations. Increasingly, these antidiscrimi-nation laws are used by persons with disabilities to ensure equal access to e-commerce, and to private and public Internet websites. To help assess the impact of the anti-discrimination mandate for educational communities, this study examined 157 website home pages of Iowa public high schools (52% of high schools in Iowa) in terms of their electronic accessibility for persons with disabilities. We predicted that accessibility problems would limit students and others in obtaining information from the web pages as well as limiting ability to navigate to other web pages. LaPlante, M. Carlson, Dawn 1992<6Disability in the United States; Prevalence and Causes 2003 http://dsc.ucsf.edu/UCSF/\S.F. Lim J.A. Lenker 2002jcEvaluating the Clinical Utility of the PIADS with Computer-based Assistive Technology Devices Users 2003 1/16/2003tD=http://www.utoronto.ca/atrc/reference/atoutcomes/1_PIADS.html124416111720 2001~xTransition strategies for youths with sensory impairments: Educational, vocational and independent living considerations125-134XQStudents with sensory impairments comprise a heterogeneous group that is often underserved by rehabilitation and other social services. This underserved status has been attributed to poor interagency collaboration and eligibility issues, the low incidence nature of these disabilities, and the shortage of trained professionals to address the specialized needs of these individuals. This article examines important educational and vocational characteristics of this population to assist rehabilitation professionals in supporting more effective transitions into employment and other adult roles. Specific transition considerations include unique learning challenges, assessment issues, assistive technology, and accommodations. The article concludes with strategies for transition planning, community integration, and evaluating transition outcomes.c'|Kent State University, Department of Educational Foundations and Special Services, 405 White Hall, Kent, OH, USA 44242-0001.60Luft, P. Rumrill, P. Snyder, J. L. Hennessey, M. 1051-9815 Journal article Worklehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=12441611t  McNeil, J.M. 19934-Americans with Disabilities: 1991-92 (P70-33)  Washington DCl &U.S. Government Printing Officet p70-33JChttp://codi.buffalo.edu/graph_based/.demographics/.awd/AWD/AWD.html0)Mihailidis, A Fernie, G.R. Cleghorn, W.L.\ 2000jcThe development of a computerized cueing device to help people with dementia to be more independentl Technology and Disability 132. 23-40f  NCD. 2000^XPromises to Keep: A Decade of Federal Enforcement of the Americans with Disabilities Act Washington D.C.s $National Council on Disability NCDDR 20000)Develping an Effective Dissemination Plans 20034.http://www.ncddr.org/du/products/dissplan.html  NIDDR 19990*Long-Range Plan for Fiscal years 1999-2003 Washington, D.C. B