READING: La Plante, Asian Art, pp. 162-165; pp. 167-177.
HISTORY:
- Yuan Dynasty(1279-1368) - China under Mongol rule
- Kubilai Khan - ruler of the Yuan
Marco Polo - in the service of Kubilai Khan
- Hong Wu - founder of the Ming dynasty, a Chinese dynasty
Imperial patronage for the arts was revived - imperial kilns were set up at Jingdezhen, Jiangxu Province
Lacquer and textile industries revived as well
Beijing - capital of the Ming, much of the Imperial City extant today survives from this period
- --Temples of Heaven and Earth, and the Palace--built under strong centralized governmental control.
Republic (l911-1949)
Peoples' Republic of China - 1949-present
Republic of China (Taiwan) - 1949-present
- Yuan Dynasty
- Qian Xuan (1235-1290)
Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322)
Four Masters of the Yuan
- Huang Gongwang (1268-1354) - "Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains" (1347-1350)
Wu Zhen (1280-1354)
Ni Zan (1301-1374)
Wang Meng (1308-1385) - "Dwelling at Juqu"
- Shen Zhou (1427-1509) - founder of the Wu School of wenren painting
Wen Zhengming (1470-1559) - student of Shen Zhou, painter and calligrapher
Dong Qichang (1555-1636) - painter, calligrapher, theorist
- --"invents" the terms for the Northern and Southern Schools in order to explain, and keep separate, the two painting traditions
- - (Ma/Xia Tradition of landscape painting from the S. Song Dynasty court styles--Northern School)
- Dai Jin (1388-1462)
Qing:
- Zhu Da (1625-c. 1705)
Kun zan (Shiqi, 1610-c. 1670)
Tao-chi (Shi Tao, 1641-1710)
Twentieth century:
- Chang Dai-chien (1899-1983) - "Ten Thousand Miles of the Yangtse"
Ch'i Pai-shih (1863-1957) - "The Thing for Prolonging Life is Wine"
- The Three Perfections - Painting, Calligraphy, and Bamboo
Scholar-painters - the literati, or wen ren, tradition
TIME LINE: (c. 1350 A.D.; c. 1500 A.D.)
- Black Death devastated Europe (1347 A.D.)
Giotto died (1337 A.D.)
Zenith of Arabic civilization in Spain at Granada
Aztecs of Mexico biult their capital at Tenochtitlan (1364 A.D.)
Michelangelo in Rome (1496-1501)
Leonardo da Vinci's "Last Supper" (1495-1498)
Columbus reached America
Martin Luther ordained (1507 A.D.)