Spatial Information Research Group

Selected publications

Hirtle, S. C. (forthcoming). Landmarks for navigation in humans and robots. In M.E. Jefferies and W.-K. Yeap (Eds.) Spatial Mapping Approaches in Robotic and Natural Mapping Systems. New York: Springer.

Hirtle, S. C. (2007). Navigation in electronic environments. In G. Allen (Ed.), Applied Spatial Cognition. Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

S. Srinivas & S.C. Hirtle (2006) Knowledge Based Schematization of Route Directions. Extended abstract presented at GIScience, 2006, Muenster, Germany..

S. Srinivas & S.C. Hirtle (2006). Knowledge Based Schematization of Route Directions. Spatial Cognition 2006 (Bremen, Germany). Springer: Berlin.

Harrington, M.C.R. (2006) Trees of Life: Models of Children's Creative Processes. ACM DIS’06 Doctoral Consortium Abstracts. June 28, 2006 State College, PA, USA. [pdf]

Harrington, M.C.R. (2006) Situational Learning in Real and Virtual Space: Lessons Learned and Future Directions. ACM SIGGRAPH’06 Educators Program Abstracts. July 30-August 3, 2006 Boston, MA, USA. [pdf]

Hirtle, S. C. (2006). Information design for the support of navigation. In J. Portugali (Ed.), Complex Artificial Environments. Berlin: Springer. [link]

Mark, D. M., Smith, B., Egenhofer, M. & Stephen Hirtle, S. C. (2004). Ontological foundations for geographic information science, In R.B. McMaster and L. Usery (eds.), Research Challenges in Geographic Information Science. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press..

Hirtle, S. C. (2003). Neighborhoods and landmarks. In M. Duckham, M. F. Goodchild, & M. F. Worboys (Eds.). Foundations of Geographic Information Science. London: Taylor & Francis.

Heo, M. & Hirtle, S. C., (2001). An empirical comparison of visualization tools to assist information retrieval on the web. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 8, 666-675. [Journal PDF]

Hirtle, S. C. (2000). The use of maps, images and "gestures" for navigation. In Freksa, C., Brauer, W., Habel, C. & Wender, K.F.,(Eds.). Spatial Cognition II: Integrating Abstract Theories, Empirical Studies, Formal Methods, and Practical Applications. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. [Springer PDF]

Sorrows, M. E. & Hirtle, S. C., (1999). The Nature of Landmarks for Real and Electronic Spaces. In Freksa, C.; Mark, D. (Eds.), Spatial Information Theory. Lecture Notes in Computer Sci-ence, 1661. Springer, Berlin, pp. 37-50.

Mark, D. M., Freksa, C., Hirtle, S. C., Lloyd, R., & Tversky, B. (1999). Cognitive models of geographical space. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 13, 747-774. [Journal PDF]

Cai, G., Hirtle, S., C., and Williams, J. (1999). Mapping of geography of cyberspace using telecommunications infrastructure information". In: Laurini (Ed.), TeleGeo'99 – the First International Workshop on Telegeoprocessing, Lyon, France. May 6-7, 1999.

Hirtle, S. C., Sorrows, M. E., & Cai, G. (1998). Clusters on the World Wide Web: Creating Neighborhoods of Make-Believe. In the Proceedings of Hypertext'98. Pittsburgh, PA. [ACM link]

Hirtle, S. C. & Sorrows, M. E. (1998). Designing a multimodal navigational tool for locating buildings on a college campus. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 18, 265-276.

Hirtle, S. C. (1998). The cognitive atlas: Using GIS as a metaphor for memory. In M. Egenhofer and R. Golledge (Eds.), Spatial and temporal reasoning in geographic information systems, pp. 263-271. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Hirtle, S. C. & Cai, G. (1998). Classification structures for cognitive maps. In Hayashi, C., Oshumi, N., Yajima, K., Tanaka, Y., Bock, H. H., & Baba, Y. (Eds.). Data science, Classification and Related Methods: Studies in classification, data analysis, and knowledge organization. Toyko: Springer-Verlag.

Hirtle, S. C., & Frank, A. U. (Eds.), (1997). Spatial information theory: A theoretical basis for GIS. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Ghiselli-Crippa, T., Hirtle, S. C., & Munro, P. (1996). Connectionist models in spatial cognition. In Portugali, J. (Eds.), The Construction of Cognitive Maps (pp. 87-104). Boston: Kluwer.

Cai, G., & Hirtle, S. C. (1996). Retrieving environmental information from digital libraries. In the Proceedings of Eco-Informa'96, Lake Buena Vista, Florida.

Hirtle, S. C. (1995) Representational structures for cognitive space: Trees, Ordered Trees, and Semi-lattices. In A. V. Frank and W. Kuhn (Eds.), Spatial information theory: A theoretical basis for GIS. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Kim, H., & Hirtle, S. C. (1995). Spatial metaphors and disorientation in hypertext browsing. Behaviour & Information Technology, 14, 239-250. [PDF]

Hirtle, S. C. (1994). Spatial information science. In Mehrwert von information: professionalisierung der informationsarbeit, (4th Internationalen symposiums fur informationswissenschaft). pp. 116-121, Graz: Austria: University of Graz.

Hirtle, S. C., Ghiselli-Crippa, T., & Spring, M. S. (1993) The cognitive structure of space: An analysis of temporal sequences. In A. V. Frank and I. Campari (Eds.), Spatial information theory: A theoretical basis for GIS. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

Heidorn, P. B., & Hirtle, S. C. (1993). Is spatial information imprecise or just coarse? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 16, 246-247.

Hirtle, S. C., & Heidorn, P. B. (1993). The structure of cognitive maps: Representations and processes. In Gärling, T. & Golledge, R. G. (Eds.), Behavior and Environment: Psychological and Geographical Approaches (pp. 170-192). Amsterdam: North-Holland.

Hirtle, S. C., & Gärling, T. (1992). Heuristic rules for sequential spatial decisions. Geoforum, 23, 227-238.

Hirtle, S. C., & Hudson, J. H. (1991). The acquisition of spatial knowledge. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11, 335-345. (Reprinted in Garling, T. (Ed.) (1995). Urban Cognition. Academic Press).

Hirtle, S. C. (1991). Knowledge representations of spatial relations. Doignon, J.-P., & Falmagne, J.-C. (Eds). Mathematical Psychology: Current developments. (pp. 233-250). New York: Springer-Verlag.

McNamara, T. P., Hardy, J. K., & Hirtle, S. C. (1989). Subjective hierarchies in spatial memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 15, 211-227.

Hirtle, S. C. (1989). The representation of space: In the 2/3i of the beholder. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12, 85.

Hirtle, S. C., & Kallman, H. K. (1988). Memory for the location of pictures: Evidence of hierarchical clustering. American Journal of Psychology, 101, 159-170.

Hirtle, S. C., & Mascolo, M. F. (1986). The effect of semantic clustering on the memory of spatial locations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 12, 181-189..

Hirtle, S. C., & Jonides, J. (1985). Evidence of hierarchies in cognitive maps. Memory & Cognition, 13, 208-217.